Síndrome Coronariana Aguda (SCA) associada ao abuso de cocaína: uma revisão narrativa / Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) associated with cocaine abuse: a narrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv3n4-367Keywords:
Abuso de cocaína, Síndrome Coronariana Aguda, Infarto do MiocárdioAbstract
Objetivo: Descrever o manejo do paciente com síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA) associada ao abuso de cocaína, com ênfase nos efeitos tóxicos da droga, no quadro clínico, no diagnóstico e no tratamento. Referencial bibliográfico: A cocaína é uma causa comum de complicações cardiovasculares no departamento de emergência. Isso decorre, em grande parte, devido a seus efeitos cardiotóxicos, que predispõem à isquemia miocárdica, tais como o aumento de fatores pró-coagulantes e o aumento da demanda do músculo cardíaco. Na apresentação clínica, o paciente usuário de cocaína com SCA manifesta a dor torácica como sintoma predominante, de forma similar ao não usuário. Porém, naquele que usou a cocaína, é mais frequente a presença de complicações associadas. Para a avaliação da dor, são solicitados o eletrocardiograma e os biomarcadores seriados, preferencialmente a troponina, como exames iniciais. Quanto ao tratamento, há divergências na literatura, principalmente, em relação ao uso de betabloqueadores nos usuários de cocaína, sendo as demais condutas para SCA aceitáveis, adicionando-se a estas, o uso de benzodiazepínicos. Considerações finais: A SCA induzida pelo uso da cocaína é uma patologia grave e exige mais estudos a respeito de seu tratamento, especialmente acerca da administração de betabloqueadores.
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