Ambystoma velaci (Dugès, 1888) Amphibians is a new reservoir of Brucella sp. (?-Proteobacteria) / Ambystoma velaci (Dugès, 1888) os anfíbios são um novo reservatório de Brucella sp. (?-Proteobacteria)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv4n3-156Palavras-chave:
Conservation, new host, Public Health, Urodela, zoonosis.Resumo
Ambystoma velasci, is a natural inhabitant of the crater lakes Atexcac, La Preciosa and Quechulac, in the Eastern Basin, Puebla, Mexico. Currently, their populations are at risk from the loss and microbiological contamination of their habitat. Brucella spp., is a zoonotic bacterium, which has been expanding to new taxa as reservoirs. The objective of this project was to detect and isolate Brucella sp., in Ambystoma velasci as a new host. Between February 2014 and April 2017, 25 specimens of A. velasci were collected. The primo-isolation were recovered from samples of the digestive, reproductive and excretory system (cloaca), and identified by standard microbiological and molecular tests, obtaining (40%) of positive results. They were compared by PCR, with two reference vaccine strains (BM16 and BS19), the bp 26 (IS711) gene was amplified, which is specific to the genus Brucella with 1029 bp, the isolated profiles were comparatively identical in a (12%). This study presents the first case of isolation and identification for Brucella sp., in an Ambystomid in its natural environment, with zoonotic potential. These results support the hypothesis of species jump at the zoonotic interface: human-livestock-wildlife in endemic areas of the disease, as well as the varied adaptation and ethology of the genus Brucella towards other taxonomic groups. This allows improving the understanding about the pathogenesis and virulence of the genus Brucella in the natural environment and its latent deleterious effect on the conservation of the wild amphibian fauna.
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